HomeMy WebLinkAbout24 161 - Traffic Calming Implementation Policy By-lawTHE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF KINCARDINE
Being a By-law to Adopt a Traffic Calming Implementation Policy for
The Corporation of the Municipality of Kincardine
Whereas pursuant to the said Municipal Act, Sections 8 and 9 provides that a municipality
has the capacity, rights, powers and privileges of a natural person for the purpose of
exercising its authority under this or any other Act; and
Whereas Section 270 (1) of the Municipal Act 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 25, as amended,
requires a municipality to adopt and maintain a policy with respect to the manner in which
the municipality will try to ensure that it is accountable to the public for its actions, and the
manner in which the municipality will try to ensure that its actions are transparent to the
public; and
Whereas the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Kincardine desires to adopt
a new Traffic Calming Implementation Policy; now therefore be it
Resolved that the Council of The Corporation of the Municipality of Kincardine Enacts
as follows:
1. That the Traffic Calming Implementation Policy for The Municipality of Kincardine,
attached hereto as Schedule `A' and forming part of this By-law be adopted.
2. That this By-law shall come into full force and effect upon its final passing.
3. That all other Policies passed by By-law and Resolution inconsistent with this By-
law, be repealed.
4. That By-law may be cited as the "Traffic Calming Implementation Policy By-law".
Read a First and Second Time this 11th day of December, 2024.
Read a Third Time and Finally Passed this 11th day of December, 2024.
Kenneth Craig Jennifer Lawrie
Verify with Consigoo Cloud be Reader.
Signed with Consigo0 Cloud be Reader.
eade r.
Verify with verifio.com or Adobe Reader. Verify with verifio.com or Adobe Reader.
Mayor
Clerk
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Policy No.: OPS.03
Section: Your Infrastructure and Services
Policy Title: Traffic Calming Implementation Policy
Adopted Date: December 11, 2024
By-law No.: 2024 - 161
Revision Date:
1. Purpose
The purpose of this policy is to establish a consistent and standardized process
to evaluate requests for the installation of traffic calming measures for municipal
roads in the Municipality of Kincardine. The policy is intended to provide a
procedure for the approval or denial of these requests.
2. Definitions
"Municipality" or "MoK" shall mean The Corporation of the Municipality of
Kincardine.
"Staff" shall mean the Staff of The Corporation of the Municipality of Kincardine.
"Local Roads" shall mean a road that provides accesses to sites and lots and is
designated for low volume and slow -moving traffic. Local roads will have less
than 2,500 vehicles per day.
"Collector Roads" shall mean a low -to -moderate -capacity road which serves to
move traffic from local roads to arterial roads. A collector road will have between
2,500 to 8,000 vehicles per day.
"Rural Roads" shall mean a low -to -moderate capacity road less than 50km/h
located outside the urban boundary which serves to move traffic to local streets
and arterial roads as well as provide access to rural property.
3. Traffic Calming
3.1.What is Traffic Calming?
Traffic calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that alter
driver behaviour to reduce the potential of negative effects of motor vehicles
use and improve conditions for alternate modes of transportation. Traffic
calming with educational and enforcement tools, can significantly improve the
safety of neighbourhoods and related roads.
3.2.Objectives of Traffic Calming
To address undesirable traffic conditions such as poor sight lines, speeding
and excessive volume on Municipal roads, the specific objectives of traffic
calming and this guide are to:
a) Increase the Safety of the Neighbourhoods
b) Improve the livability of the Neighbourhoods
c) Restore streets to their intended function
d) Maintain access routes for emergency services and maintenance services
e) Promote public participation and community support
3.3.Advantages and Disadvantages
General advantages and disadvantages of traffic calming measures are
outlined below:
Advantages could
a) Reduce motor vehicle speeds
b) Reduce traffic volume
c) Discourage through traffic
d) Improve overall road safety
e) Improve neighbourhood livability
f) Reduce conflicts between road users
g) Increase active transportation
Disadvantages may:
a) Increase emergency vehicle response time
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b) Reduce ease of access in and out of neighbourhoods
c) Result in expensive solutions (time and resources)
d) Divert traffic onto neighbouring roads
e) Increase maintenance time and cost (e.g. snow clearing, garbage
pick-up)
f) Additional time and resources for seasonal setup and removals
3.4.Considered Traffic Calming Measures
In consideration of the Municipality's objectives in implementing a Traffic
Calming Policy, traffic calming measures have been considered as viable
options to implement and are listed in Appendix A.
4. Scope
Traffic calming will only be considered on Municipal Roads in the Municipality of
Kincardine; roads that are under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Transportation,
The County of Bruce or private will be excluded.
The Municipality will not consider all -way stop controls, speed limit signs and
rumble strips as a traffic calming measures within this policy.
To ensure measures are properly considered and negative impacts are
minimized, Traffic Calming should be considered:
a) When there is a demonstrated safety, excessive speed, or shortcutting traffic
concern and acceptable alternative measures have been exhausted;
b) After exploring methods to improve operation of the road network, such as
signal timing optimization; and
c) Only after education and traffic engineering efforts have failed to produce the
desired results.
5. Responsibility
Staff are responsible for adhering to the parameters of this policy and for
ensuring the processes outlined within are followed.
The Manager of Operations (or designate) shall be responsible for overseeing
implementation of this policy.
6. Procedure/Policy
a) Initiation - Requests may be made by residents, business operators or any
other user of the public roadway. The proponent must submit a written
request, accompanied by a petition before the initial screening begins. The
petition must contain the support of 51 % of the households with direct
frontage onto the segment of roadway that has been identified as the location
for the potential implementation of traffic calming measures. Each household
is represented by one signature. Failure to meet the threshold level of support
will result in termination of the investigation. A request can also be
considered as a staff led initiative based on observed traffic patterns. Initiation
may be generated from staff input and may not require all 7 steps within the
Procedure to permit implementation.
b) Initial Screening - Municipal staff will undertake a review of the street which
could involve traffic counting and a review of collision history.
c) Detailed Evaluation - Municipal staff will determine the applicability of traffic
safety techniques and determine if Traffic Calming is appropriate.
d) Consultation — Emergency Services and resident input will be reviewed to be
incorporated into the decision making.
e) Treatment Selection - Once the data has been analyzed, staff will notify
affected residents on potential solution(s).
f) Implementation - The Manager of Operations will make the final decision for
the Traffic Calming implementation is deemed necessary and the Traffic By-
law will be updated.
g) Monitoring - After the By-law being approved, the measures will be included
in upcoming budgets or if funding is available, installed in that year.
h) Communication - The Manager of Operations (or designate) shall notify the
local Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) of the newly implemented Traffic
Calming measures for enforcement. The new Traffic Calming measures will
be communicated to the public by way of the Municipalities website and social
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media platforms via the Communications Coordinator.
Traffic Calming Review Process
The Traffic Calming Review shall:
a) Include consideration as to whether an area -wide or street -specific plan is
more suitable. An area -wide solution should be considered if a street -specific
scheme would likely result in the displacement of traffic onto adjacent streets;
and
b) Not impede non -motorized modes of transportation and be designed to
ensure pedestrian and cyclist movement is unaffected and enhanced through
traffic calming measures; and
c) Maintain reasonable automobile access to Municipal roads; and
d) Consider area specific details, past experience in the Municipality and a site
investigation.
The following details the process for considering traffic calming requests in the
Municipality of Kincardine. The process involves both community engagement
and technical evaluation tasks.
Initial Screening:
Municipal staff will conduct an initial screening of the request to determine if the
subject street satisfies the basic thresholds for a Traffic Calming candidate.
Eligible locations will meet the following criteria:
a) Previously Requested or Removed: The Municipality has not received a
request for traffic calming or removed measures on the subject street within
the previous three years. If so, the request will be denied, and no further
assessment will be undertaken; and
b) Roadway Classification: The subject street must be designated as a
Municipal Road in the Municipality of Kincardine; and
c) Posted Speed Limit: The posted speed limit on the subject street must be 50
km/h or less; and
d) Segment Length: The distance between stop -controlled intersections along
the subject street must be at least 200 metres; and
e) Grade: The roadway grade along the subject street must not exceed 8% at
any location.
Operating Speed: The 85th percentile operating speed measured on the subject
street is above the posted speed limit by more than 10 km/h.
InitiationL.1.Initiation 2.Initial
Technical
Review
Installation &
Monitoring
Requests that do not satisfy the minimum criteria will be denied.
Detailed Evaluation
If the street meets the minimum criteria, Municipal staff will complete a detailed
evaluation.
SteD 1 Prioritization Scorin
Requests that satisfy the initial screening will undergo a more detailed evaluation
to confirm the subject street qualifies for Traffic Calming and determine its priority
among other eligible locations. The screening is based on the following seven
criteria:
a) Collision history
b) Operating speeds
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c) Traffic volumes
d) Presence of pedestrian generators
e) Presence of sidewalks
f) Presence of cycling facilities
g) Percentage of adjacent residential land use.
Scores are assigned to each evaluation criterion in Table 1 to a maximum of 80
points (for criteria other than pedestrian generators). The subject street must
achieve a minimum score of 40points to be considered for Traffic Calming.
Locations not attaining the minimum score may be considered for more passive
traffic calming measures such as enforcement or radar display speed signs.
Criteria
Scoring
Maximum
Points
Collision History
5 points for each qualifying collision
20
Operating Speeds
1 point for each 1 km/h that the 85'" percentile
25
speed is greater than 10km/h over the posted
speed limit
Traffic Volumes'
1 point for each 50 vehicles above threshold of:
20
• 1000vehicles per da
Pedestrian
5 points for each school, park, senior or recreation
n/a
Generators
facility or library within the study area or with direct
frontage onto the subject street
Pedestrian Facilities
5 points if there are no sidewalks on the subject
5
street
Bicycle Facilities
5 points if designated bicycle facilities are not
5
present on the subject street
Adjacent Land Uses
1 point for each 20% of the subject street zoned
5
residential
Maximum Score (excluding Pedestrian Generators)
80
1. Two-way average daily traffic volumes recorded over a 24-hour period
Table 1: Evaluation Criteria for Traffic Calming
Step 2 Household Survey
If the subject street is deemed eligible for a Traffic Calming Plan, Municipal staff
will confirm support from affected households through a survey. Each household
within the study area will be provided one ballot regardless of the number of
residents. The study area will comprise:
a) All households with direct frontage onto the subject street; and
b) Households on surrounding roads that may be directly impacted by
potential traffic diversion from the subject street may also be included.
A minimum response rate of 25% of eligible households within the study area is
needed with a minimum of 51 % of respondents in favour of implementing a
Traffic Calming Plan. If resident support is not attained, the request may be
denied. However, at the discretion of the Manager of Operation and based on the
prioritization score and benefit to overall community safety the measures may
proceed to be implemented. After completing the household survey, Municipal
staff will inform the study area households of the findings and decision for Traffic
Calming implementation or not. The Manager of Operations will decide if the
identified area requires input from a Traffic Engineer or if further traffic studies
are required.
Design, Approval and Implementation
With budget and approval, or as part of a Capital Roads project, the preferred
traffic calming measures can be implemented within the project area. To do so
MOK staff will prepare preliminarily design alternatives based on the list of
applicable measures contained in Table 1. The MOK will engage residents on the
design alternatives through a two -stage consultation process:
a) Stage One: Present the preliminary design alternative(s) to the public and
stakeholders and invite comments; and
b) Stage Two: After incorporating feedback received, present the final design
alternative(s) to the public and stakeholders.
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Evaluation and Monitoring
Operation staff will monitor the subject street(s) to determine the effectiveness of
the Traffic Calming Plan and its impact on the surrounding road network. The
scope of the studies carried out as part of post -installation evaluation(s) should
be consistent with the investigations completed prior to installation. Such
investigations may include speed surveys, determination of traffic diverting to
adjacent streets, or overall changes in traffic volumes.
Every attempt should be made to avoid transferring traffic from the subject street
onto adjacent roadways. If post -installation evaluation studies indicate traffic
volumes have increased by 15% or more (with a minimum of 150 vehicles) on a
parallel or adjacent street due to the traffic calming measures, the Municipality
will explore corrective action to remedy the situation and/or lessen the impact.
Traffic calming measures may be removed at the request of the neighbourhood if
majority support exists amongst those residents directly fronting the subject
street. The Traffic Calming Plan must remain installed for at least one year
before the removal process can be initiated. If the measures are removed, the
MOK will wait at least three years before considering a new request for traffic
calming.
The MOK reserves the right to remove traffic calming measures if it determines
their installation is ineffective or unsafe, or if they have created unintended
consequences that cannot be corrected. The MOK will notify affected residents
by mail and advertise on its website about the decision to remove traffic calming
measures.
7. Related Policies
Records for this policy shall be prepared and retained in accordance with
Records Retention By -Law 2019-031, as amended.
8. Related Documents/Legislation
Transportation Association of Canada/ Canadian Institute of Transportation
Engineers. (1998). Canadian Guide to Neighbourhood Traffic Calming (Second
Edition (2018))
9. Additional Information/Subjects can be added as needed.
N/A
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Appendix A
The following are examples traffic calming devices that could be associated with
the implementation process. Staff may from time to time consider new
techniques in a trial basis prior to formally adding to the policy.
Enforcement
Speeding is an infraction under the Highway Traffic act enforceable by the OPP.
It is often used with other traffic calming devised to regulate behaviour and is
proven quite effective in reducing travel speeds.
Advantages:
a) effective in getting drivers attention
b) no impact to emergency vehicles and snowplows
c) can be implemented immediately, when resources permit
d) does not affect vehicle operation
Disadvantages:
a) may be costly as ticket revenue may not pay for officer time
b) does not provide for a continuous and consistent solution
c) Competing priorities
Estimated Cost:
a) Varies
Radar Speed Display Signs
Radar speed display signs are portable or permanent signs that display
approaching speed for travelling vehicles. Signs can be programmed to flash
when the speed limit of motorists is exceeded. Provide an instant notification to
driver.
Advantages:
a) Educational tool, good public relations, effective as temporary speed
reduction measure
b) Collect data related to speed, traffic volume etc.
Disadvantages:
a) Relies on voluntary compliance, duration of effectiveness is limited
b) Staff time consuming to be moved to alternate locations
Estimated Cost
a) $4,500 per sign
Lane Narrowing Through Pavement Markings
This measure narrows the travel lanes to a minimum 3.0 meters through the use
of pavement markings and gives the feeling of constraint and cause drivers to
reduce their travel speed.
Advantages:
a) Provides a larger shoulder space which may be occupied by other road users
b) Low cost
c) No impact to emergency vehicles or snowplows
Disadvantages:
a) Narrowing reduces separation between oncoming vehicles
b) Require maintenance to upkeep and are not seen during the winter
Estimated Cost
a) $1,000 to $2,000 per km of pavement
Curb Extensions
Curb extensions are horizontal extensions of curb into a road, resulting in a
narrower road section. These may be used to provide high visibility of
pedestrians, shorter walking distances to cross the road and to slow motorists
down.
Advantages:
a) Interrupts straight line curb and slows traffic
b) Reduced turning radii to slow turning speed
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c) Improves pedestrian safety
d) No impact to emergency services
Disadvantages:
a) Possible maintenance and drainage issues
b) Reduces on -street parking
c) Large vehicles may be forced to cross centerline to negotiate turns
d) May interrupt bike lanes
Estimated Cost:
a) $5,000 to $20,000 Each
Speed Bumps/Humps
Speed bumps/humps are defined as a raised area of the road that deflects the
vehicle as it is traversing. They may be paved and permanent or temporary and
removeable rubber mounds for seasonal use.
Advantages:
a) Relatively cost-efficient
b) Easy to construct
c) Deters cut- through traffic
d) Reduces vehicle speed
Disadvantages:
a) Can cause emergency vehicle delay
b) May divert traffic to alternate route that could negatively affect other roads
c) Noise from vehicle braking and acceleration
d) May cause discomfort to drivers with disabilities
e) Impacts to snow plow and trucks
f) Extra resources needed to install/remove seasonally
Estimated Cost:
a) $2,000 to $3,000 each and $7,000 for a modular speed hump
Speed Tables
Speed tables are flat-topped asphalt or rubber mounds that cover the full width of
the roadway. The ramps are more gently sloped than speed humps and are
therefore less jarring vehicles.
Advantages:
a) Relatively cost-efficient
b) East to construct
c) Deters cut -through traffic
d) Reduces vehicle speeds
e) Lesser impact to larger vehicles than speed humps
Disadvantages:
a) May delay emergency vehicle response time
b) May divert traffic to alternate routes that could negatively impact that road
c) Possible noise creation by braking and accelerating
d) May cause discomfort to drivers with disabilities
e) Potential impacts to snowplows and trucks
Estimated Cost:
a) $3,000 to $5,000 each
Center Median
A centre median is a raised island installed in the centre of a road to reduce the
overall width of the travelled lanes. They help slow traffic without affecting the
capacity of the road.
Advantages:
a) Provides refuge for pedestrians
b) Increase motorist awareness
c) Can be designed to prohibit left -turns thereby reducing cut -through traffic
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Disadvantages:
a) May reduce on -street parking
b) Restrict driveway access
c) Speeds could increase due to lack of left turns
d) Additional landscape maintenance
e) Potential conflict with snow clearing operations
Estimated Cost:
a) $4,000 for 2.Om x 5.Om median with no landscaping
Temporary Centre Median
Like the centre median, the temporary median is installed in the centre of the
road using flexible delineator posts to create reduced travelled lane widths.
Advantages:
a) Increases motorist awareness
b) Can be designed to prohibit left -turns
c) Removable for snow clearing operations
Disadvantages:
a) May reduce on -street parking
b) Restricts driveway access
c) Speeds may increase due to lack of left turns
d) Required to be set up each year
Estimated Cost:
a) $1,000 for signage and flexible posts
Traffic Circles
A `traffic circle' is not the same as a `roundabout". They are much smaller and
serve a different purpose for the intersection, which is simply to reduce speed
rather than to control high traffic volumes through an intersection.
Advantages:
a) Reduces speeds through intersections
b) Provides visual breaks
c) Reduces collisions
d) Provides landscaping opportunities
Disadvantages:
a) Increase maintenance cost if landscaped
b) Potential conflict with snow clearing operations
c) Learning curve for traffic when first installed
Estimated Cost:
a) $8,000 to $25,000
Pavement Markings and Treatments
Pavement markings can be used in a variety of ways using colours, textures and
patterns to attract drivers' attention. Traffic road surface markings increase
awareness to help reduce the speed and minimize the risk of accidents on the
road. Treatments such as traffic calming delineators placed in the center, as well
as line the edge of the road, can also act as a visual effect to drivers to slow
down and can appear to narrow the travel portion of the road.
Advantages:
a) Relatively cost-efficient
b) Easy to construct
c) Increase motorist awareness
d) No impact to emergency services
Disadvantage
a) Difficult to implement around driveway entrances
b) Conflict with snow clearing operation and used seasonally as a result
c) Extra resources needed to install/remove seasonally
Cost
a) $1,500 to $3,000 per section